Correct Answer: B. Performing specific tasks like antivirus scanning
Explanation: Utility software is designed to perform specific tasks such as antivirus scanning, disk cleanup, or file compression, helping maintain and optimize a computer system.
Correct Answer: B. A function defined by the user to perform a specific task
Explanation: A user-defined function in C is created by the programmer to perform a specific task, allowing code modularity and reusability, unlike built-in functions provided by the language.
Correct Answer: D. 11010
Explanation: To convert 25 to binary, divide by 2 repeatedly: 25 ÷ 2 = 12 remainder 1, 12 ÷ 2 = 6 remainder 0, 6 ÷ 2 = 3 remainder 0, 3 ÷ 2 = 1 remainder 1, 1 ÷ 2 = 0 remainder 1. Reading remainders bottom-up gives 11010.
Correct Answer: C. Translating assembly code to machine code
Explanation: An assembler converts assembly language code, which is human-readable, into machine code that a computer’s processor can execute.
Correct Answer: B. Megahertz
Explanation: Processing speed is measured in Hertz (e.g., Megahertz or Gigahertz), which indicates the number of cycles per second a processor can perform.
Correct Answer: C. <html>
Explanation: The <html> tag defines the root of an HTML document, containing the <head> (for title, metadata) and <body> (for content).
Correct Answer: B. A system for exchanging information between devices
Explanation: A communication system enables the transfer of data between devices, such as computers or phones, over networks like the internet or LAN.
Correct Answer: C. It dereferences a pointer to access the value at the pointed address
Explanation: In C, the * operator, when used with pointers, dereferences the pointer to access or modify the value stored at the memory address it points to.
Correct Answer: C. A machine that processes data to produce information
Explanation: A computer is an electronic device that processes input data to produce meaningful output (information) based on programmed instructions.
Correct Answer: B. Execute a block of code if a condition is true, and another block if it's false
Explanation: The if-else statement in C allows conditional execution, running one block of code if a condition is true and another if it is false.
Correct Answer: C. Managing web content
Explanation: A CMS, like WordPress, is used to create, manage, and publish web content, such as text, images, and multimedia, without requiring extensive coding.
Correct Answer: C. Database Management System
Explanation: DBMS stands for Database Management System, a software tool used to manage, store, and retrieve data in a database efficiently.
Correct Answer: B. Functions allow code to be reused and organized
Explanation: Functions promote code reusability, modularity, and organization, making programs easier to maintain and understand.
Correct Answer: A. Vacuum tubes
Explanation: First-generation computers (1940s-1950s) used vacuum tubes for processing and storage, often with punch cards or magnetic drums for data storage.
Correct Answer: C. School management system
Explanation: School management systems are specialized software for managing student records, grades, attendance, and other administrative tasks in educational institutions.
Correct Answer: B. Storing and managing data
Explanation: A DBMS (Database Management System) is designed to store, manage, and retrieve data efficiently, ensuring data integrity and accessibility.
Correct Answer: C. To perform actions or calculations
Explanation: JavaScript functions are used to perform specific actions or calculations, enabling dynamic behavior on webpages.
Correct Answer: A. AND gate
Explanation: An AND gate outputs true only when all its inputs are true; otherwise, it outputs false.
Correct Answer: C. Browsing and displaying web content
Explanation: A web browser’s primary function is to access, retrieve, and display web content, such as HTML pages, from the internet.
Correct Answer: C. <a>
Explanation: The <a> tag (anchor tag) is used in HTML to create hyperlinks that link to other webpages or resources.
Correct Answer: C. To regulate network traffic
Explanation: A network gateway connects different networks and regulates traffic between them, often performing protocol conversion and routing.
Correct Answer: A. Local Area Network
Explanation: LAN stands for Local Area Network, which connects devices within a limited area, such as an office or home.
Correct Answer: B. Manufacturing and automation
Explanation: Robotics is primarily used in manufacturing and automation for tasks like assembly, welding, and material handling to improve efficiency.
Correct Answer: C. Application software
Explanation: Microsoft Word and Excel are examples of application software, designed for end-user tasks like document creation and data analysis.
Correct Answer: B. Multitasking
Explanation: Multitasking refers to the ability of an operating system to run multiple programs simultaneously by switching between them rapidly.
Correct Answer: B. Secure communication
Explanation: A digital signature ensures the authenticity and integrity of electronic messages or documents, facilitating secure communication.
Correct Answer: D. 16
Explanation: The hexadecimal number system is base-16, using digits 0-9 and letters A-F to represent values.
Correct Answer: C. Managing system settings and hardware
Explanation: The Windows Control Panel allows users to manage system settings, hardware, and software configurations, such as network settings and device management.
Correct Answer: B. Class
Explanation: A class is the fundamental building block of object-oriented programming, serving as a blueprint for creating objects with properties and methods.
Correct Answer: B. The ability of an object to take on multiple forms
Explanation: Polymorphism allows objects to be treated as instances of their parent class, enabling methods to behave differently based on the object calling them.
Correct Answer: C. Third generation
Explanation: Third-generation computers (1960s-1970s) introduced integrated circuits, which combined multiple transistors into a single chip, improving efficiency.
Correct Answer: A. True
Explanation: In Boolean logic, the OR operation returns true if at least one input is true; thus, true OR false results in true.
Correct Answer: A. File Explorer
Explanation: File Explorer in Windows is used to browse, organize, and manage files and folders on a computer’s storage devices.
Correct Answer: B. Audio and video
Explanation: Multimedia primarily consists of audio, video, text, images, and animations to create interactive content.
Correct Answer: D. A candidate key that is not selected as the primary key
Explanation: An alternate key is a candidate key that could uniquely identify records but is not chosen as the primary key.
Correct Answer: D. Terabyte
Explanation: A terabyte (TB) is the largest unit of storage among the options, equivalent to 1024 gigabytes.
Correct Answer: B. A unique identifier for each record in a table
Explanation: A primary key is a unique field (or combination of fields) that uniquely identifies each record in a database table.
Correct Answer: A. LANs are smaller than WANs
Explanation: LANs (Local Area Networks) cover smaller geographic areas (e.g., an office), while WANs (Wide Area Networks) span larger areas, like cities or countries.
Correct Answer: B. Writing code
Explanation: The primary role of a software engineer is to write, test, and maintain code to develop software applications, though they may also perform other tasks.
Correct Answer: C. Creativity
Explanation: Computers excel in speed, accuracy, and storage capacity, but creativity is a human trait, not an inherent characteristic of computers.
Correct Answer: C. Managing hardware resources
Explanation: An operating system manages hardware resources (e.g., CPU, memory, storage) and provides services for running applications.
Correct Answer: C. Word processor
Explanation: A word processor, like Microsoft Word, is used for creating and editing text documents in an office suite.
Correct Answer: C. Int
Explanation: The int data type in C is used to store whole numbers without decimal points, such as 1, 0, or -5.
Correct Answer: C. Animation
Explanation: Animation in multimedia refers to a sequence of images displayed rapidly to create the illusion of motion.
Correct Answer: C. for loop
Explanation: A for loop in JavaScript is used to execute a block of code repeatedly for a specified number of iterations or until a condition is met.
Correct Answer: B. To create machines that can think and learn like humans
Explanation: AI aims to develop systems that can perform tasks requiring human-like intelligence, such as learning, reasoning, and problem-solving.
Correct Answer: D. JavaScript
Explanation: JavaScript is a high-level language, designed for ease of use and abstraction from hardware details, unlike assembly or machine language.
Correct Answer: D. Information and Communication Technology
Explanation: ICT stands for Information and Communication Technology, encompassing technologies for processing and communicating information.
Correct Answer: A. Procedural programming
Explanation: Procedural programming organizes code into reusable procedures or functions, focusing on step-by-step execution, as seen in languages like C.
Correct Answer: A. Software Development Life Cycle
Explanation: SDLC stands for Software Development Life Cycle, a process for planning, creating, testing, and deploying software applications.